Record Information
Version 1.0
Update Date 1/22/2018 11:54:54 AM
Metabolite IDPAMDB000146
Identification
Name: L-Arginine
Description:Arginine is an amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. Arginine can be considered to be a basic amino acid as the part of the side chain nearest to the backbone is long, carbon-containing and hydrophobic, whereas the end of the side chain is a complex guanidinium group. With a pKa of 12.48, the guanidinium group is positively charged in neutral, acidic and even most basic environments. Because of the conjugation between the double bond and the nitrogen lone pairs, the positive charge is delocalized. This group is able to form multiple H-bonds. The main catabolic arginine pathway of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the succinyltransferase pathway.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms:
  • (S)-2-amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-Pentanoate
  • (S)-2-amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-Pentanoic acid
  • (S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]pentanoate
  • (S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]pentanoic acid
  • 2-Amino-5-guanidinovalerate
  • 2-Amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid
  • 5-[(Aminoiminomethyl)amino]-L-Norvaline
  • Arg
  • Arginine
  • L-(+)-Arginine
  • L-a-Amino-D-guanidinovalerate
  • L-a-Amino-D-guanidinovaleric acid
  • L-a-Amino-delta-guanidinovalerate
  • L-a-Amino-delta-guanidinovaleric acid
  • L-a-amino-δ-Guanidinovalerate
  • L-a-amino-δ-Guanidinovaleric acid
  • L-alpha-Amino-delta-guanidinovalerate
  • L-alpha-Amino-delta-guanidinovaleric acid
  • L-α-amino-δ-Guanidinovalerate
  • L-α-amino-δ-Guanidinovaleric acid
  • N5-(aminoiminomethyl)-L-Ornithine
  • R
Chemical Formula: C6H14N4O2
Average Molecular Weight: 174.201
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 174.111675712
InChI Key: ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C6H14N4O2/c7-4(5(11)12)2-1-3-10-6(8)9/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,11,12)(H4,8,9,10)/t4-/m0/s1
CAS number: 74-79-3
IUPAC Name:(2S)-2-amino-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name: L-arginine
SMILES:N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O
Chemical Taxonomy
Taxonomy DescriptionThis compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom.
Kingdom Organic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
Class Carboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct Parent L-alpha-amino acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • L-alpha-amino acid
  • Amino fatty acid
  • Fatty acyl
  • Fatty acid
  • Guanidine
  • Carboximidamide
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Imine
  • Carbonyl group
  • Amine
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular Framework Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State: Solid
Charge:1
Melting point: 222 °C
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility:182 mg/mL at 25 oC [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]; 182.0 mg/mL [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)]PhysProp
LogP:-4.20 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)]PhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility2.28 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-3.5ALOGPS
logP-3.2ChemAxon
logS-1.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.41ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)12.41ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count5ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area125.22 Å2ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity53.92 m3·mol-1ChemAxon
Polarizability17.8 Å3ChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations: Cytoplasm
Reactions:
Pathways:
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)splash10-0a4i-1910000000-0191c1a63652c493660bView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)splash10-00di-9810000000-eb6eb73302b678cf0a24View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)splash10-00di-9700000000-e47b41cff0e873f53932View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)splash10-0a4i-1920000000-8ae5af11398835d26bedView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSNot Available
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-3900000000-8c82418f7b35a97fb9b3View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-9000000000-19b62da79866318c52ddView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-9000000000-64b046d21bdcbb8d5923View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-e07b937b6867d1f62293View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-87ab853583aab2973cfbView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-2900000000-28814246b728a51e761cView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-2900000000-cfe7e406be2172e94fbaView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004i-0910000000-478a8345915bc15d85b5View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-2900000000-c930c47ecbe6975a00fcView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-2900000000-fa6be0f9ce4ee4c30738View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-3425ee9829935182c0d5View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-0fk9-0946231100-3d57d2304dcb33feab3fView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-5b6dd6fb263ea09289fcView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-dfe35b3438d19320d8cbView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-00di-0900000000-f666ab7e5354bce67a2eView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-03kd-0977452210-046c4b70bd0ec351c41dView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-014i-9000000000-2f51e43e530976d63633View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-b9ebb7ebccee1a313888View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-00di-0900000000-5379b6fb6ea2313101f9View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - CE-ESI-TOF (CE-system connected to 6210 Time-of-Flight MS, Agilent) , Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-02b2bc83599dc6944f2eView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positivesplash10-00fr-7900000000-b7cd48e0aca6a6256968View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) 30V, Positivesplash10-00fr-7900000000-b7cd48e0aca6a6256968View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positivesplash10-00fr-7900000000-4e69a6ce7b97433937eeView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-835751d54af24bd337e7View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-2d2b5fd7617ccb227bb1View in MoNA
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot Available
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot Available
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot Available
2D NMR[1H,1H] 2D NMR SpectrumNot Available
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot Available
References
References:
  • Avogaro A, Toffolo G, Kiwanuka E, de Kreutzenberg SV, Tessari P, Cobelli C: L-arginine-nitric oxide kinetics in normal and type 2 diabetic subjects: a stable-labelled 15N arginine approach. Diabetes. 2003 Mar;52(3):795-802. Pubmed: 12606522
  • Bauchart-Thevret C, Cui L, Wu G, Burrin DG: Arginine-induced stimulation of protein synthesis and survival in IPEC-J2 cells is mediated by mTOR but not nitric oxide. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Dec;299(6):E899-909. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00068.2010. Epub 2010 Sep 14. Pubmed: 20841502
  • Bennett, B. D., Kimball, E. H., Gao, M., Osterhout, R., Van Dien, S. J., Rabinowitz, J. D. (2009). "Absolute metabolite concentrations and implied enzyme active site occupancy in Escherichia coli." Nat Chem Biol 5:593-599. Pubmed: 19561621
  • Crenn P, Coudray-Lucas C, Thuillier F, Cynober L, Messing B: Postabsorptive plasma citrulline concentration is a marker of absorptive enterocyte mass and intestinal failure in humans. Gastroenterology. 2000 Dec;119(6):1496-505. Pubmed: 11113071
  • Cynober LA: Plasma amino acid levels with a note on membrane transport: characteristics, regulation, and metabolic significance. Nutrition. 2002 Sep;18(9):761-6. Pubmed: 12297216
  • Engelborghs S, Marescau B, De Deyn PP: Amino acids and biogenic amines in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Res. 2003 Aug;28(8):1145-50. Pubmed: 12834252
  • Haas W, Grabe K, Geis C, Pach T, Stoll K, Fuchs M, Haberl B, Loy C: Recognition and invasion of human skin by Schistosoma mansoni cercariae: the key-role of L-arginine. Parasitology. 2002 Feb;124(Pt 2):153-67. Pubmed: 11860033
  • Hagenfeldt L, Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Amino acids in plasma and CSF and monoamine metabolites in CSF: interrelationship in healthy subjects. J Neurochem. 1984 Mar;42(3):833-7. Pubmed: 6198473
  • Ishii, N., Nakahigashi, K., Baba, T., Robert, M., Soga, T., Kanai, A., Hirasawa, T., Naba, M., Hirai, K., Hoque, A., Ho, P. Y., Kakazu, Y., Sugawara, K., Igarashi, S., Harada, S., Masuda, T., Sugiyama, N., Togashi, T., Hasegawa, M., Takai, Y., Yugi, K., Arakawa, K., Iwata, N., Toya, Y., Nakayama, Y., Nishioka, T., Shimizu, K., Mori, H., Tomita, M. (2007). "Multiple high-throughput analyses monitor the response of E. coli to perturbations." Science 316:593-597. Pubmed: 17379776
  • Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. Pubmed: 22080510
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
  • Kirkeby HJ, Svane D, Poulsen J, Tottrup A, Forman A, Andersson KE: Role of the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway in relaxation of isolated human penile cavernous tissue and circumflex veins. Acta Physiol Scand. 1993 Nov;149(3):385-92. Pubmed: 8310843
  • Kotikoski H, Moilanen E, Vapaatalo H, Aine E: Biochemical markers of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in the aqueous humour in glaucoma patients. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2002 Apr;80(2):191-5. Pubmed: 11952488
  • Linden KC, Wadley GD, Garnham AP, McConell GK: Effect of l-arginine infusion on glucose disposal during exercise in humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011 Sep;43(9):1626-34. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318212a317. Pubmed: 21311355
  • Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Bode-Boger SM: Measurement of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in human plasma: from liquid chromatography estimation to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quantification. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Feb;62(Supplement 13):61-68. Pubmed: 16217682
  • Mizutani N, Hayakawa C, Ohya Y, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Mori A: Guanidino compounds in hyperargininemia. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1987 Nov;153(3):197-205. Pubmed: 3433275
  • Mori A, Watanabe Y, Fujimoto N: Fluorometrical analysis of guanidino compounds in human cerebrospinal fluid. J Neurochem. 1982 Feb;38(2):448-50. Pubmed: 7108550
  • Noris M, Todeschini M, Cassis P, Pasta F, Cappellini A, Bonazzola S, Macconi D, Maucci R, Porrati F, Benigni A, Picciolo C, Remuzzi G: L-arginine depletion in preeclampsia orients nitric oxide synthase toward oxidant species. Hypertension. 2004 Mar;43(3):614-22. Epub 2004 Jan 26. Pubmed: 14744923
  • Peng CT, Wu KH, Lan SJ, Tsai JJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH: Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1158-63. Epub 2005 Apr 14. Pubmed: 15911239
  • Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. Pubmed: 19212411
  • Stothers L, Laher I, Christ GT: A review of the L-arginine - nitric oxide - guanylate cyclase pathway as a mediator of lower urinary tract physiology and symptoms. Can J Urol. 2003 Oct;10(5):1971-80. Pubmed: 14633324
  • van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25. Pubmed: 17765195
  • Vijayendran, C., Barsch, A., Friehs, K., Niehaus, K., Becker, A., Flaschel, E. (2008). "Perceiving molecular evolution processes in Escherichia coli by comprehensive metabolite and gene expression profiling." Genome Biol 9:R72. Pubmed: 18402659
  • Winder, C. L., Dunn, W. B., Schuler, S., Broadhurst, D., Jarvis, R., Stephens, G. M., Goodacre, R. (2008). "Global metabolic profiling of Escherichia coli cultures: an evaluation of methods for quenching and extraction of intracellular metabolites." Anal Chem 80:2939-2948. Pubmed: 18331064
Synthesis Reference: Meyer, Helmut E.; Swiderek, Kristine; Hoffmann-Posorske, Edeltraut; Korte, Horst; Heilmeyer, Ludwig M. G., Jr. Quantitative determination of phosphoserine by high-performance liquid chromatography as the phenylthiocarbamyl-S-ethylcysteine. Application to
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID16467
HMDB IDHMDB00517
Pubchem Compound ID6322
Kegg IDC00062
ChemSpider ID6082
WikipediaL-Arginine
BioCyc IDARG
EcoCyc IDARG
Ligand ExpoGND

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
Part of the binding-protein-dependent transport system for histidine. Probably responsible for energy coupling to the transport system
Gene Name:
hisP
Locus Tag:
PA2926
Molecular weight:
28.5 kDa
General function:
Involved in arginine N-succinyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the transfer of succinyl-CoA to arginine to produce N(2)-succinylarginine
Gene Name:
astA
Locus Tag:
PA0897
Molecular weight:
37.2 kDa
Reactions
Succinyl-CoA + L-arginine = CoA + N(2)-succinyl-L-arginine.
General function:
Involved in argininosuccinate lyase activity
Specific function:
2-(N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate = fumarate + L-arginine
Gene Name:
argH
Locus Tag:
PA5263
Molecular weight:
51.6 kDa
Reactions
2-(N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate = fumarate + L-arginine.
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
ATP + L-arginine + tRNA(Arg) = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNA(Arg)
Gene Name:
argS
Locus Tag:
PA5051
Molecular weight:
65.2 kDa
Reactions
ATP + L-arginine + tRNA(Arg) = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNA(Arg).
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the biosynthesis of agmatine from arginine
Gene Name:
speA
Locus Tag:
PA4839
Molecular weight:
70.7 kDa
Reactions
L-arginine = agmatine + CO(2).
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Part of the binding-protein-dependent transport system for histidine; probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane
Gene Name:
hisM
Locus Tag:
PA2925
Molecular weight:
26.7 kDa
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Part of the binding-protein-dependent transport system for histidine; probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane
Gene Name:
hisQ
Locus Tag:
PA2924
Molecular weight:
24.5 kDa

Transporters

General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
Part of the binding-protein-dependent transport system for histidine. Probably responsible for energy coupling to the transport system
Gene Name:
hisP
Locus Tag:
PA2926
Molecular weight:
28.5 kDa
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
Probably part of a binding-protein-dependent transport system yecCS for an amino acid. Probably responsible for energy coupling to the transport system
Gene Name:
yecC
Locus Tag:
PA5152
Molecular weight:
28.4 kDa
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Part of the binding-protein-dependent transport system for histidine; probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane
Gene Name:
hisM
Locus Tag:
PA2925
Molecular weight:
26.7 kDa
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Part of the binding-protein-dependent transport system for histidine; probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane
Gene Name:
hisQ
Locus Tag:
PA2924
Molecular weight:
24.5 kDa