Search Results for compounds

Description: D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate is an intermediate in galactitol degradation pathway in E.coli. It is a substrate for the enzyme 6-phosphofructokinase II which catalyzes the reaction D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate + ATP -> D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate + ADP + H+. It is also a product for enzyme galactitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase which catalyzes reaction galactitol 1-phosphate + NAD+ -> D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate + NADH + H+ (BioCyc compound: TAGATOSE-6-PHOSPHATE).

Description: beta-D-Glucose 6 phosphate (b-G6P) is the beta-anomer of glucose-6-phosphate. There are two anomers of glucose 6 phosphate, the alpha anomer and the beta anomer. Specifically, beta-D-Glucose 6-phosphate is glucose sugar phosphorylated on carbon 6. It is a very common metabolite in cells as the vast majority of glucose entering a cell will become phosphorylated in this way. The primary reason for the immediate phosphorylation of glucose is to prevent diffusion out of the cell. The phosphorylation adds a charged phosphate group so the glucose 6-phosphate cannot easily cross the cell membrane. b-G6P is involved in the glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate, and glycogen and sucrose metabolic pathways [Kegg ID: C01172]. Beta-D-Glucose 6 phosphate can be generated through beta-D-fructose phosphate or alpha-D-glucose 6 phosphate (via glucose-6-phosphate isomerase) or beta-D glucose (via hexokinase). It can then be sent off to the pentose phosphate pathway which generates the useful cofactor NADPH as well as ribulose 5-phosphate, a carbon source for the synthesis of other molecules. Alternately if the cell needs energy or carbon skeletons for synthesis then glucose 6-phosphate is targeted for glycolysis. A third route is to have glucose 6 phosphate stored or converted to glycogen.

Description: 4'-phosphopantetheine is a metabolite in the pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis pathway. It can be generated from pantatheine (via pantothenate kinase 1) or R-4'-phospho-pantothenoyl-L-cysteine (via phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase) or dephospho-CoA (via 4'-phosphopantetheine adenylyl-transferase and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase). The conversion of 4'-phosphopantetheine (4'-PP) to dephospho-CoA, is catalyzed by 4'-phosphopantetheine adenylyl-transferase. It has been identified as an essential cofactor in in the biosynthesis of fatty acids, polyketides, depsipeptides, peptides, and compounds derived from both carboxylic and amino acid precursors. In particular it is a key prosthetic group of acyl carrier protein (ACP) and peptidyl carrier proteins (PCP) and aryl carrier proteins (ArCP) derived from Coenzyme A. Phosphopantetheine fulfils two demands. Firstly, the intermediates remain covalently linked to the synthases (or synthetases) in an energy-rich thiol ester linkage. Secondly, the flexibility and length of phosphopantetheine chain (approximately 2 nm) allows the covalently tethered intermediates to have access to spatially distinct enzyme active sites.

Description: UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine is an intermediate in lipid IVA biosynthesis pathway in E.coli. It is a substrate for the enzymes UDP-3-O-acyl-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase which catalyzes the reaction UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + H2O -> UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-alpha-D-glucosamine + acetate. It is also a product for enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase which catalyzes reaction a (3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl-[acp] + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine -> UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein] (BioCyc compound: UDP-OHMYR-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE).

Description: UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-alpha-D-glucosamine is an intermediate in lipid IVA biosynthesis pathway in E.coli. It is a substrate for the enzyme UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine hydrolase which catalyzes the reaction UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-alpha-D-glucosamine + H2O -> 2,3-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-alpha-D-glucosaminyl 1-phosphate + UMP + 2 H+. It is also a product for enzyme UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-glucosamine N-acyltransferase which catalyzes reaction a (3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl-[acp] + UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine -> UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-alpha-D-glucosamine + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein] + H+ (BioCyc compound: OH-MYRISTOYL).

Description: 2,3-bis((3R)-3-Hydroxymyristoyl)-alpha-D-glucosaminyl 1-phosphate is an intermediate in Lipid IVA synthesis which is essesntial for the production of LPS. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major outer membrane component, is composed of three domains: Lipid A, the core, which is an oligosaccharide consisting of an inner and outer region; and a distal repeating unit known as the O-antigen. Lipid A is linked to a beta-1,6-linked glucosamine disaccharide. Attached to this is the inner core containing at least two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (KDO) units followed by two units of heptose. The outer core region and the O-antigen are attached to one of the heptose units. For some time it was thought that the minimum structure for cell viability in Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the di-Kdo moiety, but viable mutants lacking Kdo and with the basic tetra-acyl form of lipid A, i.e. lacking the two secondary acyl groups (and termed 'lipid IVA'), have recently been produced. Indeed, lipid IVA may be the minimum structure required for the viability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Description: alpha-Kdo-(2??)-lipid IVA is an intermediate in Kdo transfer to lipid IVA I pathway in E.coli. It is a substrate for the enzyme KDO transferase which catalyzes the reaction alpha-Kdo-(2??)-lipid IVA + CMP-3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-octulosonate -> alpha-Kdo-(2->4)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IVA + CMP + H+. It is also a product for enzyme 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase which catalyzes reaction CMP-3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-octulosonate + lipid IVA -> alpha-Kdo-(2??)-lipid IVA + CMP + H+ (BioCyc compound: KDO-LIPID-IVA).

Description: (Heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A is a component of lipopolysaccharide. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) typically consist of a hydrophobic domain inserted into the outer membrane known as lipid A (or endotoxin), a phosphorylated "core" oligosaccharide and a distal polysaccharide (or O antigen). The core oligosaccharides are conceptually divided into two regions: inner core and outer core. The inner core is highly conserved, comprises three deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO) and L-glycero-D-manno-heptose (Hep) and is often phosphorylated. The inner core oligosaccharide plays a critical role in essential barrier function of the outer membrane. The outer core comprises a tri-hexose backbone modified with varying side-branch substitutions of hexose and acetamidohexose residues. The outer core provides an attachment site for O-antigen. The completed lipid A-KDO2 serves as the acceptor on which the core oligosaccharide chains are assembled by sequential glycosyl transfer from nucleotide sugar precursors. This process involves a co-ordinated complex of membrane-associated glycosyltransferases acting at the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane.

Description: Glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A is an intermediate in lipid A-core biosynthesis pathway in E.coli. It is a substrate for the enzyme lipopolysaccharide core heptose (I) kinase which catalyzes the reaction glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A + ATP -> glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP + H+. It is also a product for enzyme lipopolysaccharide glucosyltransferase I which catalyzes reaction UDP-alpha-D-glucose + (heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A -> glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A + UDP + H+ (BioCyc compound: CPD0-932).

Description: Glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A-phosphate is an intermediate in Lipid A-core biosynthesis pathway in E.coli. It is a substrate for the enzyme lipopolysaccharide core heptosyl transferase III which catalyzes the reaction glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose -> glucosyl-(heptosyl)3-Kdo2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP + H+. It is also a product for enzyme lipopolysaccharide core heptose (I) kinase which catalyzes reaction glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A + ATP ??glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP + H+ (BioCyc compound: CPD0-933).