Melibiose (PAMDB000015)

IdentificationTaxonomyPhysical PropertiesBiological PropertiesSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesEnzymes Transporters
Proteins (3280)
Record Information
Version 1.0
Update Date 1/22/2018 11:54:54 AM
Metabolite IDPAMDB000015
Identification
Name: Melibiose
Description:Melibiose is a disaccharide consisting of one galactose and one glucose moiety in an alpha (1-6) glycosidic linkage. This sugar is produced and metabolized only by enteric and lactic acid bacteria and other microbes. Melibiose can be broken down by gut microflora such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Melibiose is first imported by the melibiose permease, MelB, and then converted to alpha-D-glucose and alpha-D-galactose by the galactosidase encoded by melA. (HMDB) In fact, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is able to utilize melibiose as a sole source of carbon.
Structure
Thumb
🔍MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChIView Structure
Synonyms:
  • α-D-Galp-(1->6)-D-Glc
  • 6-(α-D-galactosido)-D-glucose
  • 6-(a-D-Galactosido)-D-glucose
  • 6-(a-delta-Galactosido)-delta-glucose
  • 6-(a-δ-galactosido)-δ-Glucose
  • 6-(alpha-D-Galactosido)-D-glucose
  • 6-(D-Galactosido)-D-glucose
  • 6-(D-Galactosido)-delta-glucose
  • 6-(D-galactosido)-δ-Glucose
  • 6-(α-D-galactosido)-D-Glucose
  • 6-O-α-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucose
  • 6-O-(α-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose
  • 6-O-(a-D-Galactopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose
  • 6-O-(alpha-D-Galactopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose
  • 6-O-(α-D-Galactopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose
  • 6-O-a-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-Glucose
  • 6-O-a-delta-Galactopyranosyl-delta-glucose
  • 6-O-a-δ-Galactopyranosyl-δ-glucose
  • 6-O-alpha-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-Glucose
  • 6-O-alpha-delta-Galactopyranosyl-delta-Glucose
  • 6-O-Hexopyranosylhexose
  • 6-O-α-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucose
  • 6-O-α-δ-Galactopyranosyl-δ-glucose
  • a-D-Galp-(1->6)-D-GLC
  • a-D-Melibiose
  • a-delta-Melibiose
  • a-Melibiose
  • a-δ-Melibiose
  • Alpha-D-Galp-(1->6)-D-Glc
  • Alpha-D-Melibiose
  • Alpha-delta-Melibiose
  • Alpha-Melibiose
  • D-(+)-Melibiose
  • D-Gal-α(1->6)-D-glucose
  • D-Gal-a(1->6)-D-glucose
  • D-Gal-alpha(1->6)-D-glucose
  • D-Gal-α(1->6)-D-glucose
  • D-Melibiose
  • D-Mellibiose
  • Delta-(+)-Melibiose
  • Delta-Melibiose
  • Melibiose
  • Mellibiose
  • α-D-Galp-(1->6)-D-GLC
  • α-D-Melibiose
  • α-Melibiose
  • α-δ-Melibiose
  • δ-(+)-Melibiose
  • δ-Melibiose
Chemical Formula: C12H22O11
Average Molecular Weight: 342.2965
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 342.116211546
InChI Key: DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-ABXHMFFYSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(14)8(17)10(19)12(23-3)21-2-4-6(15)7(16)9(18)11(20)22-4/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6-,7+,8+,9-,10-,11?,12+/m1/s1
CAS number: 585-99-9
IUPAC Name:(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-({[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
Traditional IUPAC Name: D-melibiose
SMILES:OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OC[C@H]2OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O
Chemical Taxonomy
Taxonomy DescriptionThis compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as o-glycosyl compounds. These are glycoside in which a sugar group is bonded through one carbon to another group via a O-glycosidic bond.
Kingdom Organic compounds
Super ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Class Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Sub ClassGlycosyl compounds
Direct Parent O-glycosyl compounds
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • O-glycosyl compound
  • Disaccharide
  • Oxane
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Polyol
  • Hemiacetal
  • 1,2-diol
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Acetal
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular Framework Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State: Solid
Charge:0
Melting point: 84 °C
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility:1000.0 mg/mL [MERCK INDEX (1996)]PhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility511.0 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-3ALOGPS
logP-4.7ChemAxon
logS0.17ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.25ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count11ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count8ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area189.53 Å2ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity68.34 m3·mol-1ChemAxon
Polarizability30.97 Å3ChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
Bioavailability0ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations: Cytoplasm
Reactions:
Water + Melibiose > D-Galactose + D-Glucose
D-Gal alpha 1->6D-Gal alpha 1->6D-Glucose + Water <> D-Galactose + Melibiose
Water + Melibiose > D-Galactose + b-D-Glucose
Melibiose + Water > Alpha-D-Galactose + Beta-D-Glucose + b-D-Glucose
Pathways:
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (8 TMS)splash10-0uxr-0941000000-58f859df76fe1e87b22aView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (8 TMS)splash10-0udi-0941000000-58d4fa7d40972e66a89dView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies)splash10-0wmj-0951000000-0023b7689b93195cc520View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies)splash10-0uxr-0941000000-1bcc10f21d6677bb0060View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (8 TMS; 1 MEOX)splash10-00di-9741000000-a0071ea1c00218406733View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (8 TMS; 1 MEOX)splash10-00di-9841000000-2028da966c304a1cd6cfView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-03di-0901000000-f6e7873e48c702625149View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-01p6-9400000000-eeaeb67af95c15b24dbcView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-000i-9100000000-9b6ce73cdaa5b27bded7View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, PositiveNot Available
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, PositiveNot Available
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, PositiveNot Available
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, NegativeNot Available
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, NegativeNot Available
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, NegativeNot Available
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot Available
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot Available
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot Available
References
References:
  • Almeida IC, Milani SR, Gorin PA, Travassos LR: Complement-mediated lysis of Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes by human anti-alpha-galactosyl antibodies. J Immunol. 1991 Apr 1;146(7):2394-400. Pubmed: 1706399
  • Barboza Junior MS, Silva TM, Guerrant RL, Lima AA: Measurement of intestinal permeability using mannitol and lactulose in children with diarrheal diseases. Braz J Med Biol Res. 1999 Dec;32(12):1499-504. Pubmed: 10585631
  • Colby SM, Harrington DJ, Russell RR: Identification and genetic characterisation of melibiose-negative isolates of Streptococcus mutans. Caries Res. 1995;29(5):407-12. Pubmed: 8521444
  • Furukawa K, Ying R, Nakajima T, Matsuki T: Hemagglutinins in fungus extracts and their blood group specificity. Exp Clin Immunogenet. 1995;12(4):223-31. Pubmed: 8919354
  • Gibbons RJ, Qureshi JV: Inhibition of adsorption of Streptococcus mutans strains to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite by galactose and certain amines. Infect Immun. 1979 Dec;26(3):1214-7. Pubmed: 528053
  • Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. Pubmed: 22080510
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
  • Nicolopoulou A, Zoumbou K, Papageorgacopoulou N, Papapetropoulou M: Metabolic and compositional changes in Escherichia coli cells starved in seawater. Microbiol Res. 1994 Nov;149(4):343-50. Pubmed: 7842233
  • Rietra PJ, Van den Bergh FA, Tager JM: Properties of the residual alpha-galactosidase activity in the tissues of a Fabry hemizygote. Clin Chim Acta. 1975 Aug 4;62(3):401-13. Pubmed: 809216
  • Schmid, K., Schmitt, R. (1976). "Raffinose metabolism in Escherichia coli K12. Purification and properties of a new alpha-galactosidase specified by a transmissible plasmid." Eur J Biochem 67:95-104. Pubmed: 786627
  • Sharma A, Ahmed H, Allen HJ: Isolation of a melibiose-binding protein from human spleen. Glycoconj J. 1995 Feb;12(1):17-21. Pubmed: 7795409
  • Steuer MK, Steuer M, Bonkowsky V, Gabius HJ, Hofstadter F: Characterization of sugar receptor expression by neoglycoproteins in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1995;252(5):292-7. Pubmed: 7576587
  • Tomita K, Nagura T, Okuhara Y, Nakajima-Adachi H, Shigematsu N, Aritsuka T, Kaminogawa S, Hachimura S: Dietary melibiose regulates th cell response and enhances the induction of oral tolerance. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2007 Nov;71(11):2774-80. Epub 2007 Nov 7. Pubmed: 17986780
  • van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25. Pubmed: 17765195
  • Vaughan HA, Loveland BE, Sandrin MS: Gal alpha(1,3)Gal is the major xenoepitope expressed on pig endothelial cells recognized by naturally occurring cytotoxic human antibodies. Transplantation. 1994 Oct 27;58(8):879-82. Pubmed: 7524207
  • Winder, C. L., Dunn, W. B., Schuler, S., Broadhurst, D., Jarvis, R., Stephens, G. M., Goodacre, R. (2008). "Global metabolic profiling of Escherichia coli cultures: an evaluation of methods for quenching and extraction of intracellular metabolites." Anal Chem 80:2939-2948. Pubmed: 18331064
  • Wu AM, Song SC, Chen YY, Gilboa-Garber N: Defining the carbohydrate specificities of aplysia gonad lectin exhibiting a peculiar D-galacturonic acid affinity. J Biol Chem. 2000 May 12;275(19):14017-24. Pubmed: 10799474
Synthesis Reference: Pictet, Ame; Vogel, Hans. The synthesis of melibiose. Helvetica Chimica Acta (1927), 10 280.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID28053
HMDB IDHMDB00048
Pubchem Compound ID440658
Kegg IDC05402
ChemSpider ID389538
Wikipedia IDNot Available
BioCyc IDMELIBIOSE
EcoCyc IDMELIBIOSE

Enzymes

Transporters

Protein Details
• Sugar efflux transporter
General function:
Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:
Involved in the efflux of sugars. The physiological role may be the reduction of the intracellular concentration of toxic sugars or sugar metabolites. Transports L-arabinose and to a lesser extent IPTG. Seems to contribute to the control of the arabinose regulon
Gene Name:
sotB
Locus Tag:
PA4113
Molecular weight:
41.8 kDa